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Dutch family names were not required until 1811 when emperor Napoleon had annexed the Netherlands, prior to 1811, the use of patronymics was much more common. In Dutch linguistics, many names use certain ''qualifying'' words (prepositions) which are positioned between a person's given name and their surname. Although these words, ''tussenvoegsels'', are not strictly essential to state the person's surname, they are nevertheless a part of the surname and are almost always included for clarity. For example, someone whose family name is "De Vries" is not found at the letter "D" in the telephone directory but at "V;" the "de" is a tussenvoegsel and is not a part of the indexing process but rather is more of a stylistic qualifier. Another reason for this methodology is that it makes finding someone's name in a database relatively easy, since most Dutch prepositions start with the same letter (and thus if the prepositions led, there would be constant superfluous data entry to arrive at the desired name.) In the Netherlands, the ''tussenvoegsel'' is written with a capital letter if no name precedes it. For example: *a person with the name ''"Jan"'' as a given name and ''"de Vries"'' as a surname would be written ''Jan de Vries'' or "''de heer De Vries''", literally, ''Mr. De Vries''. ''See also the main Dutch surnames section.'' ==List of Dutch surnames== This list will be sorted per the above criteria, with the tussenvoegsel following the name after a comma. Meanings are provided where known. "van der" is abbreviated "vd". *Baas - The Boss *Bakker - Baker *Bijl, vd - "from the axe" - i.e. descended from woodcutters (lumberjacks) *Bos - Forest *Berg, vd - From the hill *Boer, de - the Farmer *Boor, vd - possibly of the same French root as Boer - farmer or simple person; "boorish" 〔(etymonline.com )〕 *Brouwer - Brewer *Buskirk, van - literally "bush church", or "church in the woods" *Byl, vd - Americanization of "van der Bijl" *Coevorden, van - e.g. see George Vancouver#Origins of the family name *Citroen - lemon, e.g. see André Citroën *Cornelissen - son of Cornelius *Dekker - from the verb ''dekken'' or ''to cover'' as in covering roof tops (compare "Thatcher") *Dijk, Dyk, Dyck, Deijck, van - From the dike *Dijkstra - From the dike *Graaf, de - The count/earl *Groot, de - The big one / great *Haan, de - Rooster *Haas, de - Hare *Hendriks, Hendriksen, Hendrix - Henry's son *Hoff, van het - (servant) from the court *Leeuwen, van - From Leeuwen/Leuven; Levi *Jaager, de - the Hunter *Jansen, Janssen - Jan's son (compare Johnson) *Jong, de - the Junior *Koning, Koningh, de - the King *Linden, vd - from the Linden (type of tree) *Meijer, Meyer - Bailiff or steward *Meer, vd - From the lake *Mesman, ''mes'' = knife (maker) *Meulenbelt *Molen, vd - from the Mill *Muis - Mouse *Mulder, Molenaar - Miller *Maarschalkerweerd - Keeper of the horses (compare English marshal + amb *Peters - Peter's son *Prins - Prince *Ruis, Ruys, Ruisch, Ruysch - the sound of wind or water (surname common with millers). *Rynsburger - inhabitant of Rijnsburg *Smit, Smits - Smith *Spaans - Spanish *Stegenga - The Frisian *Tuinstra - From the Garden *Visser 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Dutch family names」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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